Module 1: Matrices and linear systems
Contact hours: 9
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Solving linear systems
- Gaussian elimination
- Row echelon form
- Linear independence
- Rank of a matrix
- Existence and uniqueness of solutions (without proof)
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Eigenvalues and diagonalization
- The matrix eigenvalue problem
- Finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors
- Diagonalization of matrices
Module 2: Second-order ordinary differential equations
Contact hours: 9
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Homogeneous equations
- Second-order homogeneous linear ODEs
- Superposition principle and general solution
- Constant-coefficient equations
- Initial-value problems
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Non-homogeneous equations
- General and particular solutions
- Undetermined coefficients for exponential, polynomial, sine, cosine, and exponential-trigonometric forcing terms
- Initial-value problems
- Variation of parameters for second-order equations
Module 3: Laplace transforms
Contact hours: 9
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Transform methods
- Laplace and inverse Laplace transforms
- Linearity and first shifting theorem
- Transforms of derivatives
- Solving second-order constant-coefficient IVPs with initial conditions at t = 0
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Step and impulse functions
- Unit step function and second shifting theorem
- Dirac delta function and its transform
- Initial-value problems involving step and delta functions are excluded
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Convolution
- Convolution theorem (without proof)
- Using convolution to find inverse transforms of products
Module 4: Taylor and Fourier series
Contact hours: 9
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Taylor series
- Taylor series representation (without proof)
- Maclaurin series representation
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Fourier series
- Euler formulas
- Dirichlet conditions and convergence
- Fourier series for 2π-periodic and 2l-periodic functions
- Half-range sine series
- Half-range cosine series
Course objectives
- Use matrix methods to analyze and solve systems of linear equations.
- Apply ordinary differential equations, Laplace transforms, and Fourier series to engineering problems.
Course outcomes
- Solve linear systems and analyze matrices using rank, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and diagonalization.
- Solve homogeneous and non-homogeneous second-order linear ODEs and their initial-value problems.
- Apply Laplace transforms, shifting theorems, and convolution to transform problems and inverse transforms.
- Represent functions using Taylor, Maclaurin, and Fourier series, including half-range expansions.
Assessment
Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE)
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Attendance — 5 marks
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Assignment or microproject — 15 marks
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Two written internal examinations — 10 marks each
End-Semester Examination (ESE): 60 marks
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Part A: Eight questions, two from each module, carrying 3 marks each (24 marks). Answer all.
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Part B: Two questions from each module; answer one full question from each module. Each carries 9 marks (36 marks).
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Examination duration: 2 hours 30 minutes.